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Toll pathway inactivation enhances tissue growth and cell fitness when the environment in which animals develop is not deprived of pathogens.

Protein coding genes strongly support a sister group relationship between Placozoa and Cnidaria to the exclusion of Bilateria, contradicting previous phylogenies, which have likely been misled by pervasive compositional heterogeneity.

In Aves, the first wave of transcription is derived exclusively from the maternal genome.

Whole-brain radiotherapy, but not glioma growth in distal region from the hippocampus, results in impaired recognition memory, which can be prevented by CSF-1R inhibitor-mediated microglia depletion.

Insight into the mechanism of DNA synthesis is provided by the crystal structures of DNA polymerase intermediates.

Rods, not ipRGCs, are the major retinal photoreceptor impacting development of dopaminergic signaling in the retina.

Loss of potassium channel activity from fast-spiking interneurons increases their excitability leading to unexpectedly increased fast excitatory transmission and seizure susceptibility.

The evolutionary loss of the main enzyme required for ketone body biosynthesis suggests that alternative strategies to provide energy for large brains during fasting evolved repeatedly in mammals.

Structural analysis reveals large-scale conformational changes in the active site metallocluster of a CO2-fixing enzyme.

Citizen science camera trapping showing suburban and wild areas maintain similar levels of mammalian diversity and relative abundance, challenging conventional thoughts about the impacts of urbanization on wildlife.